午夜全免费一级毛片在线播放,国产午夜福利一区在线观看,久久国产午夜一区二区福利,国产国产高清午夜

公司動態

• 如何掌握正確混凝土的澆筑過程

  　　最開(kai)始(shi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)(qing)況，選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)案(an)！　　澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)案(an)，除(chu)應(ying)滿(man)足每一(yi)(yi)處混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)初凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)以前就被上(shang)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)新混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)并(bing)(bing)(bing)搗實(shi)(shi)完(wan)畢(bi)(bi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，還(huan)應(ying)考(kao)慮(lv)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)大(da)小(xiao)、鋼筋疏密(mi)、預埋管(guan)道(dao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)地(di)腳螺栓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)留設(she)(she)(she)、混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)供應(ying)情(qing)(qing)(qing)況以及水(shui)(shui)(shui)化熱(re)等因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。　　全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)　　所(suo)(suo)謂全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，指的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體結(jie)(jie)構(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。例(li)如(ru)對(dui)(dui)(dui)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)結(jie)(jie)束(shu)后(hou)(hou)對(dui)(dui)(dui)第(di)(di)二(er)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)結(jie)(jie)束(shu)后(hou)(hou)對(dui)(dui)(dui)第(di)(di)三層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，依(yi)據(ju)(ju)這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)直持(chi)續(xu)下(xia)去直到(dao)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)完(wan)畢(bi)(bi)為止。　　要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意(yi)運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)確保(bao)(bao)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)不(bu)大(da)并(bing)(bing)(bing)且在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遵循從短邊(bian)開(kai)始(shi)、沿著長(chang)(chang)(chang)邊(bian)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則當然(ran)也可(ke)(ke)(ke)以根(gen)據(ju)(ju)實(shi)(shi)際情(qing)(qing)(qing)況，選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)從中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)向(xiang)兩(liang)端方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)向(xiang)或(huo)者(zhe)從兩(liang)端向(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。　　分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)段(duan)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)　　運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，具有強度大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)點(dian)，但(dan)是(shi)如(ru)果(guo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場(chang)所(suo)(suo)運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機械不(bu)能(neng)滿(man)足施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求時(shi)(shi)(shi)運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)段(duan)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)就能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)段(duan)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)首先要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)從混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最低層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)段(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)后(hou)(hou)對(dui)(dui)(dui)第(di)(di)二(er)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)然(ran)后(hou)(hou)按(an)照從上(shang)到(dao)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)順(shun)序(xu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)厚(hou)度小(xiao)、面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)大(da)、長(chang)(chang)(chang)度大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)也要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)際需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)靈(ling)活運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。　　斜面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)　　斜面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)度長(chang)(chang)(chang)、厚(hou)度高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)首先一(yi)(yi)次性(xing)將(jiang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)到(dao)頂端使(shi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)斜面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)形(xing)成(cheng)1:3的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)斜面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)坡度。進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)自(zi)上(shang)而(er)(er)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)從真、仔細的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)確保(bao)(bao)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。　　隨后(hou)(hou)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)做好(hao)(hao)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準備。建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)恰(qia)當的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)是(shi)否合(he)格(ge)(ge)。是(shi)否滿(man)足設(she)(she)(she)計規(gui)范對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高低具有重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。　　余面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)　　適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)度超過(guo)(guo)(guo)厚(hou)度3倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)(qing)況。混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)一(yi)(yi)次澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)到(dao)頂，由于(yu)(yu)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)自(zi)然(ran)形(xing)成(cheng)斜面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，斜面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)坡度為1:3，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)振搗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)從澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)下(xia)端開(kai)始(shi)，逐漸上(shang)移，以保(bao)(bao)證混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。　　大(da)體積(ji)(ji)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)截面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)大(da)，易使(shi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)產生結(jie)(jie)構(gou)裂(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)。結(jie)(jie)構(gou)裂(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)原因(yin)是(shi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)收縮任(ren)一(yi)(yi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)包含水(shui)(shui)(shui)化熱(re)引(yin)(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)收縮當量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，又都(dou)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)解為均勻(yun)(yun)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)非均勻(yun)(yun)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)兩(liang)類。　　前者(zhe)產生外(wai)(wai)(wai)約束(shu)力，它(ta)成(cheng)為貫穿性(xing)裂(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)原因(yin)；后(hou)(hou)者(zhe)引(yin)(yin)起自(zi)約束(shu)力，形(xing)成(cheng)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)裂(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)；只有同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)控制好(hao)(hao)這(zhe)(zhe)兩(liang)類降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)，才能(neng)減(jian)(jian)小(xiao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)避免裂(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產生。　　因(yin)此(ci)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大(da)體積(ji)(ji)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，必須(xu)采取(qu)如(ru)下(xia)適當措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)：　　盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)使(shi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)具有較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)裂(lie)能(neng)力，即抗(kang)拉強度大(da)，線膨脹系數小(xiao)。為此(ci)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)低熱(re)硅酸(suan)鹽(yan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥并(bing)(bing)(bing)入粉(fen)煤灰和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)外(wai)(wai)(wai)加的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)，引(yin)(yin)氣(qi)、緩凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)、早強等多種(zhong)添加劑(ji)(ji)，盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)每立方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，一(yi)(yi)般采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)粗(cu)砂(sha)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)大(da)粒徑、級配(pei)(pei)(pei)良(liang)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石子。　　在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)較高時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)砂(sha)、石塊場(chang)、運輸設(she)(she)(she)備上(shang)搭設(she)(she)(she)簡易遮陽(yang)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置或(huo)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)草(cao)包等隔熱(re)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)，采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)或(huo)冰水(shui)(shui)(shui)拌(ban)(ban)制混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)；擴大(da)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)散熱(re)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)厚(hou)度和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)速(su)度，必要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)內部(bu)埋設(she)(she)(she)冷卻水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)循環(huan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)來(lai)(lai)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度；在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)完(wan)畢(bi)(bi)后(hou)(hou)，應(ying)及時(shi)(shi)(shi)排除(chu)污水(shui)(shui)(shui)。　　在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)：　　一(yi)(yi)、對(dui)(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)、包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、出(chu)廠日期、合(he)格(ge)(ge)證以及檢查報告等進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)嚴(yan)格(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)審查依(yi)據(ju)(ju)相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)范進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)檢工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，確保(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)定性(xing)、強度能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)達(da)到(dao)相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)范要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求；二(er)、在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖紙上(shang)將(jiang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信息進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)標明；　　三、將(jiang)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)復(fu)檢后(hou)(hou)到(dao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢驗(yan)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)檢驗(yan)合(he)格(ge)(ge)后(hou)(hou)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。　　攪(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)　　進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)攪(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥、混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)骨料(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)添加劑(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、順(shun)序(xu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等細節問題進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)嚴(yan)格(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控制。另外(wai)(wai)(wai)還(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意(yi)攪(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)、澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)，不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)類型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)所(suo)(suo)運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)攪(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)、澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。因(yin)此(ci)攪(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)依(yi)據(ju)(ju)相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準規(gui)范根(gen)據(ju)(ju)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)身特點(dian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)(pei)比例(li)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)嚴(yan)格(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)把握(wo)確保(bao)(bao)攪(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)均勻(yun)(yun)性(xing)。　　輸送混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)　　在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場(chang)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)移動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)托泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)、功(gong)能(neng)有一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)了(le)(le)解，并(bing)(bing)(bing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)備相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零件，以便能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)快(kuai)速(su)及時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)設(she)(she)(she)備進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)搶修(xiu)。另外(wai)(wai)(wai)，泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)確保(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)牢固降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)壓力帶(dai)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損失并(bing)(bing)(bing)且將(jiang)管(guan)道(dao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)清洗運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥砂(sha)漿來(lai)(lai)潤滑管(guan)道(dao)與(yu)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)機。除(chu)此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)管(guan)道(dao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)檢查其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)否殘(can)留有混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)并(bing)(bing)(bing)將(jiang)其清理干(gan)凈并(bing)(bing)(bing)確保(bao)(bao)管(guan)道(dao)接口(kou)處密(mi)封(feng)性(xing)強、不(bu)會發生漏漿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象(xiang)。　　混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)預防(fang)　　混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)　　混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)結(jie)(jie)束(shu)后(hou)(hou)運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)、澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)使(shi)其能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)肩效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)。除(chu)此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)安(an)(an)排相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)看管(guan)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)確保(bao)(bao)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)處于(yu)(yu)濕潤狀態(tai)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)夏天，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)濕草(cao)或(huo)者(zhe)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)不(bu)能(neng)少(shao)于(yu)(yu)7d。　　混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)裂(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預防(fang)　　為了(le)(le)有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)止混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)出(chu)現(xian)裂(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)采取(qu)以下(xia)幾個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)預防(fang)：　　①、分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)(pei)比例(li)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)合(he)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計　　進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)比過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)將(jiang)各種(zhong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)科(ke)學(xue)、合(he)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)比盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)使(shi)各個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)滿(man)足相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)范要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)熱(re)化現(xian)象(xiang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低水(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。　　②、選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)適宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)　　以上(shang)介紹了(le)(le)幾種(zhong)常見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)適宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)提(ti)高混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)率、充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)發揮出(chu)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)具有重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。因(yin)此(ci)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)現(xian)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)現(xian)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情(qing)(qing)(qing)況結(jie)(jie)合(he)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)經(jing)驗(yan)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)適宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)。　　③、注(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)　　對(dui)(dui)(dui)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)運用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)科(ke)學(xue)合(he)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)護(hu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)內部(bu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度并(bing)(bing)(bing)減(jian)(jian)緩混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)速(su)度最終達(da)到(dao)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)抗(kang)裂(lie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。　　總(zong)而(er)(er)言之(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，具有全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)性(xing)、系統性(xing)、嚴(yan)謹性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點(dian)，是(shi)一(yi)(yi)項嚴(yan)謹有序(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)作(zuo)(zuo)為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)內容(rong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)具有十分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。因(yin)此(ci)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)熟練掌握(wo)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)并(bing)(bing)(bing)豐富(fu)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)經(jing)驗(yan)，根(gen)據(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)際建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)情(qing)(qing)(qing)況靈(ling)活選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)案(an)，最終充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發揮出(chu)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，促進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)我(wo)國建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)又好(hao)(hao)又快(kuai)發展。

  2024-05-29 15:02:28查看詳情>>
• 經營的本質是什么？

  　　無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)論是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)還(huan)(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，都包(bao)(bao)含一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)層控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含義(yi)。控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)避免失(shi)(shi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)，而(er)失(shi)(shi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)或(huo)(huo)許(xu)(xu)(xu)意味著(zhu)災難(nan)(nan)。　　事(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)自組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)系統總(zong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)具(ju)有(you)調控(kong)(kong)(kong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，否(fou)則，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)系統是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法長(chang)(chang)久(jiu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)去(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。　　經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，其(qi)(qi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)看作是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)長(chang)(chang)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)。而(er)長(chang)(chang)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)必然(ran)面(mian)臨(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)：生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)當(dang)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)未來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)做準備。　　因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，你(ni)(ni)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)說(shuo)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，你(ni)(ni)或(huo)(huo)許(xu)(xu)(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。德魯克曾(ceng)說(shuo)：“企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)顧(gu)客”。如果你(ni)(ni)對(dui)(dui)(dui)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)顧(gu)客深度(du)(du)挖掘，其(qi)(qi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)顧(gu)客背后(hou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)換(huan)取貨(huo)幣等(deng)等(deng)價(jia)(jia)物(wu)(wu)(wu)，進(jin)而(er)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)等(deng)價(jia)(jia)物(wu)(wu)(wu)換(huan)取企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。　　如果你(ni)(ni)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，到這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)里你(ni)(ni)對(dui)(dui)(dui)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理解(jie)，已(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)足夠應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)很多人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)對(dui)(dui)(dui)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理解(jie)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)如此(ci)。我把(ba)“經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么(me)？”這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)拋給了(le)(le)(le)(le)ChatGPT等(deng)大(da)(da)語(yu)言模(mo)型，給出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)類似的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)答(da)(da)案(an)：　　第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，ChatGPT對(dui)(dui)(dui)“企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么(me)？”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回答(da)(da)：　　經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)配置(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)決(jue)(jue)策來(lai)(lai)管(guan)(guan)理和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)運營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，以(yi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)利(li)潤(run)最(zui)大(da)(da)化、市(shi)場份(fen)額增長(chang)(chang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)長(chang)(chang)期可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)持(chi)(chi)續(xu)(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目標。經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)制(zhi)定戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)計劃(hua)、組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)理人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)力資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、監(jian)督和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)運營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)、市(shi)場營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)銷、財(cai)務(wu)管(guan)(guan)理等(deng)多個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)方(fang)面(mian)，涉及(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)內部和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)外部環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)析和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)應(ying)對(dui)(dui)(dui)，以(yi)及(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)風險(xian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)機遇的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)把(ba)握。經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)追求(qiu)效益和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)(da)化，同(tong)時(shi)確保組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)具(ju)有(you)競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)力。　　第(di)二，訊飛(fei)星火認(ren)知(zhi)大(da)(da)模(mo)型對(dui)(dui)(dui)“企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么(me)？”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回答(da)(da)：　　經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)以(yi)下(xia)幾(ji)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)方(fang)面(mian)：　　1.創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)提供產品(pin)(pin)或(huo)(huo)服務(wu)，滿足消費(fei)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)出(chu)(chu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。　　2.實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)運營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)，將創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轉化為(wei)(wei)(wei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收入和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)利(li)潤(run)，以(yi)維(wei)持(chi)(chi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持(chi)(chi)續(xu)(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。　　3.優(you)化資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)配置(zhi)：企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)還(huan)(huan)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)合理配置(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)各種(zhong)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)力資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、財(cai)務(wu)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)等(deng)，以(yi)提高資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)效率。　　4.風險(xian)管(guan)(guan)理：企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)(hui)面(mian)臨(lin)各種(zhong)風險(xian)，如市(shi)場風險(xian)、財(cai)務(wu)風險(xian)、操(cao)作風險(xian)等(deng)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)風險(xian)管(guan)(guan)理，降低(di)風險(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。　　5.持(chi)(chi)續(xu)(xu)改進(jin)：企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)持(chi)(chi)續(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)，需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷學(xue)(xue)習和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)改進(jin)，以(yi)適(shi)應(ying)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷變化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場環境和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)消費(fei)者需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)。　　大(da)(da)語(yu)言模(mo)型匯聚了(le)(le)(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類以(yi)往的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智慧，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)算法計算出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)接(jie)近事(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)答(da)(da)案(an)。雖然(ran)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)兩種(zhong)答(da)(da)案(an)有(you)所(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)深度(du)(du)分(fen)(fen)析，你(ni)(ni)會(hui)(hui)發(fa)現(xian)其(qi)(qi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。　　也(ye)(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。　　老板、創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者、咨(zi)詢師等(deng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，或(huo)(huo)許(xu)(xu)(xu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)層面(mian)上(shang)(shang)已(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)大(da)(da)有(you)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)另類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)哲(zhe)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，至此(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)絕對(dui)(dui)(dui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)(hui)善(shan)罷甘休。　　哲(zhe)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)事(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)(hui)去(qu)(qu)討論經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么(me)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)具(ju)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，他們(men)思(si)考(kao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)更(geng)(geng)深刻。而(er)那些哲(zhe)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)者才(cai)會(hui)(hui)思(si)考(kao)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)類問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。比如像稻(dao)盛和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)夫等(deng)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)類具(ju)有(you)哲(zhe)學(xue)(xue)思(si)想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。哲(zhe)學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)者思(si)考(kao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)會(hui)(hui)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)：“企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么(me)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)什(shen)么(me)會(hui)(hui)有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”　　這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)從(cong)(cong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)尋找(zhao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么(me)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式。與(yu)(yu)“企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)答(da)(da)案(an)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)完全不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)誕生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)以(yi)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)結(jie)歸納。　　那么(me)，從(cong)(cong)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)頭(tou)上(shang)(shang)來(lai)(lai)說(shuo)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么(me)呢？　　企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、財(cai)、物(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)素在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文條(tiao)件下(xia)結(jie)合而(er)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)有(you)特定關系結(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)濟組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)。　　企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)成部分(fen)(fen)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，由它們(men)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)肯定也(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)非(fei)常(chang)特殊，因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，看組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)，很難(nan)(nan)把(ba)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)視為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)。如果你(ni)(ni)置(zhi)身組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)外，或(huo)(huo)許(xu)(xu)(xu)更(geng)(geng)容易(yi)看明白“企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)”這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)點(dian)。　　企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)，它和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)其(qi)(qi)他萬物(wu)(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)自己獨特的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使命和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)意義(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)獨特的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使命和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)意義(yi)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“為(wei)(wei)(wei)什(shen)么(me)會(hui)(hui)有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？”這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)答(da)(da)案(an)。　　我們(men)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)從(cong)(cong)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)誕生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)來(lai)(lai)看為(wei)(wei)(wei)什(shen)么(me)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。　　世界上(shang)(shang)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)公司(si)(si)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)荷(he)(he)(he)蘭東(dong)(dong)(dong)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)度(du)(du)公司(si)(si)。荷(he)(he)(he)蘭東(dong)(dong)(dong)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)度(du)(du)公司(si)(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)自組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)傭(yong)兵、發(fa)行貨(huo)幣，也(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)股份(fen)有(you)限(xian)(xian)公司(si)(si)，并(bing)(bing)被(bei)獲(huo)準與(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)他國家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)訂立正式條(tiao)約，并(bing)(bing)對(dui)(dui)(dui)該地實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行統治(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)力。　　在(zai)(zai)(zai)當(dang)時(shi)，從(cong)(cong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)度(du)(du)進(jin)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)比如香料(liao)、茶(cha)葉、咖(ka)啡(fei)等(deng)，十分(fen)(fen)稀缺且(qie)珍貴(gui)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)價(jia)(jia)格昂貴(gui)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)有(you)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)荷(he)(he)(he)蘭帶來(lai)(lai)巨(ju)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)財(cai)富(fu)。此(ci)時(shi)，由于(yu)缺乏從(cong)(cong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)度(du)(du)到歐洲(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直接(jie)航線(xian)，從(cong)(cong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)度(du)(du)進(jin)口(kou)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)唯(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)途徑是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)政府(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)，而(er)且(qie)政府(fu)(fu)(fu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)方(fang)面(mian)具(ju)有(you)競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)優(you)勢(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)數(shu)非(fei)常(chang)有(you)限(xian)(xian)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，荷(he)(he)(he)蘭商(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)政治(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)們(men)決(jue)(jue)定成立一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)公司(si)(si)，來(lai)(lai)競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)政府(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貿易(yi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)權(quan)，并(bing)(bing)從(cong)(cong)亞洲(zhou)獲(huo)取更(geng)(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)財(cai)富(fu)。　　建(jian)立東(dong)(dong)(dong)印(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)度(du)(du)公司(si)(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)荷(he)(he)(he)蘭人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)奪取了(le)(le)(le)(le)東(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)貿易(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主導權(quan)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)抗(kang)葡萄牙、英國等(deng)歐洲(zhou)強(qiang)國在(zai)(zai)(zai)亞洲(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓制(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)限(xian)(xian)制(zhi)等(deng)因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)素而(er)制(zhi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)應(ying)對(dui)(dui)(dui)策略(lve)(lve)。　　在(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)策中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，包(bao)(bao)含了(le)(le)(le)(le)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)族(zu)等(deng)少數(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法與(yu)(yu)更(geng)(geng)強(qiang)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)等(deng)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)素。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)去(qu)(qu)做的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)件事(shi)情。　　也(ye)(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誕生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)庭或(huo)(huo)少數(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法與(yu)(yu)更(geng)(geng)強(qiang)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)同(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)平臺上(shang)(shang)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)開競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。也(ye)(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)說(shuo)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)17世紀，已(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)別人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)或(huo)(huo)者家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)庭等(deng)少數(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)構(gou)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)，已(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法擁有(you)足夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)優(you)勢(shi)獲(huo)取資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象(xiang)。　　而(er)到了(le)(le)(le)(le)今天，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)形式，成為(wei)(wei)(wei)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主流，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獲(huo)取資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)。　　因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定階段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產物(wu)(wu)(wu)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)階段就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)多數(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法靠自己或(huo)(huo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)庭生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)下(xia)去(qu)(qu)，必須依賴更(geng)(geng)多人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)才(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)下(xia)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)階段。　　這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)或(huo)(huo)許(xu)(xu)(xu)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)哲(zhe)學(xue)(xue)追問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)邏輯(ji)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。　　這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)揭示，看似對(dui)(dui)(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)來(lai)(lai)說(shuo)，毫無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)處。但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)真的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)如此(ci)，需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)看是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠從(cong)(cong)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)層次中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)挖掘出(chu)(chu)更(geng)(geng)有(you)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信息，應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)。　　總(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)問(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角度(du)(du)回答(da)(da)，會(hui)(hui)有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)果。而(er)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)最(zui)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)與(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)答(da)(da)案(an)。只要(yao)(yao)(yao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠幫(bang)你(ni)(ni)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)答(da)(da)案(an)對(dui)(dui)(dui)你(ni)(ni)或(huo)(huo)許(xu)(xu)(xu)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)深層次的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)說(shuo)，本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)概念，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)則是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)萬物(wu)(wu)(wu)本(ben)(ben)(ben)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)探討，而(er)本(ben)(ben)(ben)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)否(fou)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)被(bei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)感知(zhi)尚無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)定論，更(geng)(geng)別說(shuo)我們(men)用(yong)(yong)(yong)語(yu)言描述了(le)(le)(le)(le)。所(suo)以(yi)，作為(wei)(wei)(wei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，你(ni)(ni)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)味地追求(qiu)本(ben)(ben)(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，而(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)持(chi)(chi)續(xu)(xu)發(fa)現(xian)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)策略(lve)(lve)。

  2024-05-28 15:02:07查(cha)看(kan)詳情>>
• 什么叫領導？什么叫管理？你一定要分得清！

  　　“管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)事(shi)(shi)務(wu)，領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)心。”　　領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)：看透(tou)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)趨勢，指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)該(gai)(gai)(gai)前進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向(xiang)，并(bing)(bing)描繪出(chu)美好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)愿(yuan)(yuan)景(jing)(jing)(jing)，能(neng)夠(gou)激(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積極(ji)性，帶(dai)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)朝著描繪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美好(hao)愿(yuan)(yuan)景(jing)(jing)(jing)前進(jin)。　　管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)：制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)目(mu)(mu)標，按照(zhao)既定(ding)(ding)目(mu)(mu)標對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，帶(dai)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)實現(xian)(xian)目(mu)(mu)標。　　然而(er)，大(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)數企(qi)(qi)業(ye)頻于(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，而(er)乏于(yu)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)。本文從五個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)方(fang)面(mian)區分一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)與領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)，供大(da)(da)家(jia)參考！　　如(ru)果一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)經(jing)(jing)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)過(guo)多(duo)(duo)，而(er)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)過(guo)少，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生：上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系很(hen)緊張，而(er)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)推(tui)進(jin)受(shou)阻，上(shang)(shang)(shang)級(ji)在(zai)與不(bu)(bu)在(zai)，下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)現(xian)(xian)判(pan)若兩(liang)(liang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。　　如(ru)果一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)經(jing)(jing)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)過(guo)多(duo)(duo)，而(er)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)過(guo)少，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生：常常用(yong)(yong)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)魅力和(he)(he)(he)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)，出(chu)現(xian)(xian)“你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)好(hao)我好(hao)大(da)(da)家(jia)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)局面(mian)產(chan)生，甚至還(huan)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)山頭或(huo)(huo)(huo)幫派林(lin)立。　　1兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)身(shen)份　　一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)經(jing)(jing)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)身(shen)份：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，二是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)　　管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)注(zhu)重效(xiao)率(lv)，領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)注(zhu)重效(xiao)果。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)把(ba)事(shi)(shi)情做正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)確，領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)做正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮(hui)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)職位(wei)(wei)權(quan)(quan)力（強制(zhi)(zhi)、懲罰、獎賞(shang)），領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮(hui)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)權(quan)(quan)力（對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)照(zhao)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)愛、個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)專長(chang)、智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)格魅力）。　　2兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)　　管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)：計(ji)劃—實施—檢查(cha)—改(gai)善；　　領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)：愿(yuan)(yuan)景(jing)(jing)(jing)—動(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)—展開(kai)—學(xue)(xue)習。　　管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)PDCA，閉環(huan)(huan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通(tong)過(guo)愿(yuan)(yuan)景(jing)(jing)(jing)來(lai)(lai)感(gan)召人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、激(ji)勵人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、鼓(gu)(gu)舞(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，使人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)能(neng)夠(gou)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，并(bing)(bing)通(tong)過(guo)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)主(zhu)學(xue)(xue)習來(lai)(lai)推(tui)動(dong)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)進(jin)程(cheng)(cheng)。改(gai)善+學(xue)(xue)習，才是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)完成(cheng)任(ren)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根本保(bao)障。　　3兩(liang)(liang)種行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)　　管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注(zhu)計(ji)劃與預算(suan)，組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)配置(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)并(bing)(bing)解決(jue)問(wen)題；　　領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：確定(ding)(ding)方(fang)向(xiang)，整合利(li)益相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，激(ji)勵和(he)(he)(he)鼓(gu)(gu)舞(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)級(ji)。　　管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重在(zai)建立秩(zhi)序，領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重在(zai)產(chan)生變(bian)(bian)革(ge)。　　4兩(liang)(liang)種認(ren)知(zhi)　　領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)認(ren)知(zhi)：外圓內方(fang)，領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)激(ji)勵追隨者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)意(yi)愿(yuan)(yuan)、培養追隨者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)能(neng)力。領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)革(ge)邏輯是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)先(xian)有(you)感(gan)受(shou)再推(tui)動(dong)變(bian)(bian)革(ge)。　　管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)認(ren)知(zhi)：外方(fang)內方(fang)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)強化(hua)職責(ze)(ze)、執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)。　　5兩(liang)(liang)種實踐(jian)　　管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)產(chan)生對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)立關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)問(wen)題時(shi)，要(yao)依(yi)照(zhao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)標準(zhun)而(er)非個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)好(hao)惡來(lai)(lai)做決(jue)策，避免下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)級(ji)把(ba)矛(mao)頭對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)準(zhun)上(shang)(shang)(shang)級(ji)，認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)級(ji)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)意(yi)難為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)他。　　領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)產(chan)生追隨關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系。領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)性化(hua)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)心、愛護(hu)可以(yi)(yi)有(you)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)格。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)似的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，而(er)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)各(ge)有(you)千(qian)秋。　　清晰(xi)界定(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)與領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)，進(jin)而(er)平衡好(hao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)與領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系，經(jing)(jing)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)張弛有(you)度(du)(du)、游刃有(you)余(yu)。　　一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)優(you)秀(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有(you)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)則(ze)(ze)：　　1.提升你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)　　一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)旦走上(shang)(shang)(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)崗(gang)位(wei)(wei)，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)崗(gang)位(wei)(wei)，其(qi)成(cheng)功(gong)之舉就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)不(bu)(bu)再是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)，而(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展別(bie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。也(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)，領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)職權(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，在(zai)很(hen)大(da)(da)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)上(shang)(shang)(shang)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)斷地(di)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)別(bie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展別(bie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)提升的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。　　用(yong)(yong)韋爾奇的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話(hua)(hua)說(shuo)(shuo)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“在(zai)你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)以(yi)(yi)前，成(cheng)功(gong)只同(tong)(tong)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)長(chang)有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。當你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)以(yi)(yi)后(hou)，成(cheng)功(gong)都同(tong)(tong)別(bie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)長(chang)有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。”擁有(you)最(zui)好(hao)球員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)球隊(dui)(dui)(dui)并(bing)(bing)不(bu)(bu)總是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贏得(de)最(zui)終(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勝(sheng)利(li)，但(dan)同(tong)(tong)等條件下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，獲勝(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾率(lv)要(yao)高，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)應(ying)該(gai)(gai)(gai)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)創造(zao)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)優(you)于(yu)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)條件或(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)環(huan)(huan)境。這(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)(shuo)，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)如(ru)何(he)如(ru)何(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強，而(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)更(geng)(geng)強，變(bian)(bian)得(de)更(geng)(geng)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)協同(tong)(tong)。　　2.正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)直(zhi)，贏取他人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)任(ren)　　作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，首先(xian)你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)要(yao)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)直(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)坦(tan)誠(cheng)精神、透(tou)明度(du)(du)和(he)(he)(he)聲望，建立別(bie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)賴感(gan)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)某些(xie)(xie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)來(lai)(lai)說(shuo)(shuo)，成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)意(yi)味著開(kai)始了(le)(le)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)力之旅(lv)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)維(wei)護(hu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)威使用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)不(bu)(bu)入(ru)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手段，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)，他們(men)喜(xi)歡對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)和(he)(he)(he)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息保(bao)持控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感(gan)覺。因此，他們(men)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)保(bao)守秘密(mi)，不(bu)(bu)透(tou)露自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)及(ji)其(qi)業(ye)績(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)想(xiang)法(fa)，把(ba)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)于(yu)公(gong)司(si)未來(lai)(lai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)想(xiang)法(fa)儲(chu)藏起(qi)來(lai)(lai)。這(zhe)(zhe)種舉止(zhi)當然可以(yi)(yi)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)建立起(qi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)盤，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，它(ta)卻把(ba)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)任(ren)排(pai)斥在(zai)了(le)(le)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)之外。　　當領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)們(men)表(biao)現(xian)(xian)出(chu)真(zhen)誠(cheng)、坦(tan)率(lv)，言(yan)出(chu)必(bi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候，信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)任(ren)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)，事(shi)(shi)情就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)簡單(dan)。你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)始終(zhong)應(ying)當知(zhi)道，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)績(ji)表(biao)現(xian)(xian)如(ru)何(he)，公(gong)司(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)務(wu)進(jin)展怎么樣(yang)。作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)必(bi)須戰勝(sheng)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本能(neng)，不(bu)(bu)要(yao)試圖掩蓋或(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)粉飾那(nei)(nei)些(xie)(xie)糟糕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息，否(fou)則(ze)(ze)，你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)可能(neng)損失自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)任(ren)和(he)(he)(he)能(neng)量(liang)(liang)。　　3.懂得(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)樂趣　　快樂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)提供相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)高質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)務(wu)。讓(rang)(rang)(rang)你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)體會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)到(dao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)樂趣，不(bu)(bu)要(yao)施加工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)之外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力，否(fou)則(ze)(ze)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)疲于(yu)應(ying)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)不(bu)(bu)相(xiang)(xiang)干的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)情。　　4.讓(rang)(rang)(rang)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)擁有(you)夢(meng)想(xiang)　　讓(rang)(rang)(rang)進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)有(you)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)愿(yuan)(yuan)景(jing)(jing)(jing)，有(you)時(shi)它(ta)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)跟公(gong)司(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)愿(yuan)(yuan)景(jing)(jing)(jing)相(xiang)(xiang)沖突。否(fou)定(ding)(ding)或(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)排(pai)斥它(ta)們(men)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)錯(cuo)特錯(cuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，因該(gai)(gai)(gai)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)引導(dao)(dao)(dao)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展計(ji)劃，盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)將(jiang)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)愿(yuan)(yuan)景(jing)(jing)(jing)合二為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，牽(qian)引到(dao)公(gong)司(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展軌(gui)道。即(ji)使做不(bu)(bu)到(dao)，你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)也(ye)(ye)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)司(si)或(huo)(huo)(huo)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)建立了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)項資源(yuan)，因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)在(zai)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)未來(lai)(lai)，在(zai)職的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)離(li)職的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)(he)我們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客(ke)戶一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)，都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)我們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資源(yuan)。　　5.學(xue)(xue)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)分享工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)績(ji)　　當你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)名領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)以(yi)(yi)后(hou)，有(you)時(shi)不(bu)(bu)免會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)感(gan)到(dao)這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖動(dong)，你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)想(xiang)說(shuo)(shuo)：“請看看我做出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)績(ji)。”當你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)表(biao)現(xian)(xian)出(chu)色時(shi)，你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)希(xi)望把(ba)功(gong)勞都歸到(dao)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)頭上(shang)(shang)(shang)。擔任(ren)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)并(bing)(bing)不(bu)(bu)意(yi)味著給你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)授予(yu)了(le)(le)王冠(guan)，而(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)給你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)賦予(yu)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)項職責(ze)(ze)——使其(qi)他人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)上(shang)(shang)(shang)最(zui)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛質(zhi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)揮(hui)出(chu)來(lai)(lai)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)實現(xian)(xian)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)目(mu)(mu)標，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)必(bi)須讓(rang)(rang)(rang)你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)賴你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)。共(gong)同(tong)(tong)分享工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)績(ji)。獨樂樂，與人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)樂樂，孰樂？　　要(yao)想(xiang)獲得(de)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)賴，領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)(dao)們(men)也(ye)(ye)應(ying)該(gai)(gai)(gai)賞(shang)罰分明、以(yi)(yi)身(shen)作(zuo)則(ze)(ze)。絕不(bu)(bu)能(neng)霸占自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)手下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)，把(ba)別(bie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)主(zhu)意(yi)竊為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)己(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)。應(ying)該(gai)(gai)(gai)有(you)足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)和(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)智(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)需(xu)要(yao)媚上(shang)(shang)(shang)欺下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，團(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)(tuan)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)功(gong)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)可，或(huo)(huo)(huo)早或(huo)(huo)(huo)遲而(er)已。　　6.善于(yu)傾聽并(bing)(bing)敢于(yu)承認(ren)錯(cuo)誤　　作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)需(xu)要(yao)維(wei)護(hu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)威。但(dan)并(bing)(bing)不(bu)(bu)見得(de)每次都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獨立決(jue)策，你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)需(xu)要(yao)去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)傾聽部下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聲音(yin)，匯集多(duo)(duo)家(jia)之言(yan)，俗話(hua)(hua)說(shuo)(shuo)“三個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)臭皮匠，頂個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)諸(zhu)葛亮(liang)”。俗話(hua)(hua)說(shuo)(shuo)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)無完人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，犯錯(cuo)誤也(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)足(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)奇，千(qian)萬不(bu)(bu)要(yao)因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)維(wei)護(hu)權(quan)(quan)威去(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)掩蓋錯(cuo)誤，那(nei)(nei)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)你(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)更(geng)(geng)愚蠢。　　7.正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)視(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)見和(he)(he)(he)建議　　發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)(xian)問(wen)題是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)解決(jue)問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)半。我們(men)每個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)都喜(xi)歡正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)見，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)待負面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)見往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)有(you)敵對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。但(dan)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，應(ying)該(gai)(gai)(gai)善于(yu)傾聽并(bing)(bing)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)視(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)問(wen)題，有(you)些(xie)(xie)需(xu)要(yao)給與澄(cheng)清和(he)(he)(he)解釋，有(you)些(xie)(xie)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)見和(he)(he)(he)建議。最(zui)后(hou)，再重申一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)應(ying)該(gai)(gai)(gai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)，影(ying)響別(bie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。希(xi)望身(shen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)或(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)即(ji)將(jiang)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)以(yi)(yi)此共(gong)勉(mian)。

  2024-05-27 15:01:38查看詳情>>
• 用標準創新推動科技創新

  　　標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)與(yu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)密不可(ke)(ke)分(fen)，標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)也順應(ying)(ying)了科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)趨(qu)勢和(he)(he)(he)(he)要(yao)求。在(zai)(zai)推(tui)動(dong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)起到了許多關(guan)鍵作(zuo)用。　　標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)路線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制定和(he)(he)(he)(he)優化(hua)：科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)需要(yao)有(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)路線(xian)來指導和(he)(he)(he)(he)支持。而(er)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)路線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制定和(he)(he)(he)(he)優化(hua)需要(yao)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)研究和(he)(he)(he)(he)經驗積(ji)累。標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)可(ke)(ke)以借(jie)鑒和(he)(he)(he)(he)匯總國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)外先(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)路線(xian)，制定符合(he)(he)(he)本國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)情的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)路線(xian)，并(bing)通(tong)過標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式推(tui)廣和(he)(he)(he)(he)應(ying)(ying)用，引領產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)和(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。　　標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)(ying)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)接：科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)需要(yao)充分(fen)考(kao)慮(lv)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)(ying)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求和(he)(he)(he)(he)市(shi)場反饋。標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)可(ke)(ke)以促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)研發(fa)(fa)(fa)與(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)(ying)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)接，推(tui)動(dong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)成(cheng)果(guo)落地(di)(di)，并(bing)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)地(di)(di)實(shi)現科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)應(ying)(ying)用。　　例如　　我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)5G技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)，標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)起到了重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)動(dong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)引領作(zuo)用。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)主導的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)5G標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)組(zu)織“3GPP”在(zai)(zai)全球(qiu)(qiu)范圍內(nei)領先(xian)，為(wei)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)5G產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)了有(you)(you)(you)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)支撐和(he)(he)(he)(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)指導。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)商(shang)用5G網絡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建設和(he)(he)(he)(he)應(ying)(ying)用也得到了快(kuai)速推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)地(di)(di)推(tui)動(dong)了我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)5G產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。　　標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)與(yu)合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)：標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)不僅可(ke)(ke)以促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，還(huan)可(ke)(ke)以推(tui)動(dong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)與(yu)合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)。標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)機構可(ke)(ke)以組(zu)織技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)研討、培訓、展(zhan)覽(lan)等(deng)活動(dong)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)信息和(he)(he)(he)(he)服(fu)務，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)，搭(da)建產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)學研合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)平(ping)臺，加速科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)程(cheng)，從而(er)推(tui)動(dong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。　　例如，在(zai)(zai)鐵路行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)組(zu)織ISO和(he)(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)鐵路聯盟UIC共同制定了一系(xi)(xi)列標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)規(gui)范，旨(zhi)在(zai)(zai)推(tui)動(dong)全球(qiu)(qiu)鐵路技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)步和(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。這(zhe)些標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)涵蓋(gai)了鐵路設計、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)、運營等(deng)方面(mian)，在(zai)(zai)鐵路行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)起到了重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)和(he)(he)(he)(he)推(tui)廣促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)作(zuo)用。　　科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)施(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)意義　　產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)是創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)市(shi)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“通(tong)行(xing)證(zheng)”　　在(zai)(zai)市(shi)場經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下，企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)要(yao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)市(shi)場實(shi)現效(xiao)益(yi)，必須(xu)具備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)(ti)(ti)條(tiao)件(jian)是符合(he)(he)(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)是產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量評定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依據(ju)，是國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)外公認的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)市(shi)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“通(tong)行(xing)證(zheng)”。標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)之(zhi)爭已成(cheng)為(wei)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能否通(tong)過市(shi)場實(shi)現效(xiao)益(yi)之(zhi)爭，這(zhe)也是國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)外對(dui)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)話語權的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爭奪十分(fen)激(ji)烈(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因所(suo)在(zai)(zai)。　　先(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)可(ke)(ke)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)集群提(ti)(ti)(ti)升質量水平(ping)　　科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出發(fa)(fa)(fa)點和(he)(he)(he)(he)歸宿是創(chuang)(chuang)造出體(ti)現新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)、新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)工(gong)(gong)藝、新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)服(fu)務、新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)態，并(bing)使其向產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高端發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，這(zhe)里(li)(li)包含的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)元素就(jiu)是質量。而(er)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)想要(yao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)升產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量水平(ping)，必須(xu)有(you)(you)(you)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)作(zuo)為(wei)依據(ju)，沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)便沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)高質量。　　標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)對(dui)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮著技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)門(men)檻(jian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)知識產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權載體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用　　市(shi)場前(qian)景好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，往往會引來競相(xiang)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)。在(zai)(zai)此情況下，企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)通(tong)過制定技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，對(dui)眾多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研成(cheng)果(guo)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)保(bao)護，設置必要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)門(men)檻(jian)，可(ke)(ke)把冒牌(pai)貨或科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)含量低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)果(guo)擋(dang)在(zai)(zai)門(men)外，防止(zhi)“撿(jian)到籃里(li)(li)都(dou)是菜”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象發(fa)(fa)(fa)生，引導科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)健康發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。

  2024-05-26 15:01:15查看詳情>>
• 地質聚合物的合成原料及制備方法

  　　地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(Geopolymer)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)含(han)(han)(han)氧化(hua)(hua)硅(gui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)氧化(hua)(hua)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)成(cheng)(cheng)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硅(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，經適當工藝及(ji)化(hua)(hua)學反(fan)應(ying)得到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一類具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)非晶(jing)態和(he)(he)(he)(he)準晶(jing)態的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三維(wei)網狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)立體(ti)(ti)(ti)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新型無(wu)機材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。其生(sheng)產原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)來源廣(guang)泛(fan)，天(tian)然的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硅(gui)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)含(han)(han)(han)有(you)(you)(you)(you)硅(gui)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工業廢(fei)棄物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)都可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)來制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。與(yu)(yu)(yu)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)相(xiang)比，地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)燒(shao)(shao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，生(sheng)產能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)只有(you)(you)(you)(you)普通(tong)硅(gui)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)10%~30%，且(qie)能(neng)(neng)顯著減少溫(wen)室氣體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)排放。同時(shi)(shi)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)優異的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)學性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)、耐(nai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)特性(xing)(xing)(xing)、耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)對(dui)重金屬(shu)離子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固封性(xing)(xing)(xing)，廣(guang)泛(fan)運(yun)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)復合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)環境(jing)保(bao)護等(deng)(deng)領域。　　地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)　　地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)分為(wei)兩(liang)(liang)部(bu)分：一部(bu)分是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)硅(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，另一部(bu)分是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)。　　活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)硅(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)　　地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)較為(wei)豐富，包括偏高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)嶺(ling)土(tu)(tu)、粉(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)、礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)渣、赤泥(ni)、鉀(jia)尾(wei)(wei)(wei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)、鐵尾(wei)(wei)(wei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)、銅尾(wei)(wei)(wei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)等(deng)(deng)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)富含(han)(han)(han)硅(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)廢(fei)棄物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)都可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。另外(wai)，以(yi)(yi)上材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，如(ru)粉(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)與(yu)(yu)(yu)偏高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)嶺(ling)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)渣與(yu)(yu)(yu)粉(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)都可(ke)(ke)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)來制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。　　偏高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)嶺(ling)土(tu)(tu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公認的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)選材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)偏高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)嶺(ling)土(tu)(tu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)嶺(ling)土(tu)(tu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)650~800℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)下(xia)(xia)脫水(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)硅(gui)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)介穩(wen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態。尾(wei)(wei)(wei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)(yin)為(wei)其主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)成(cheng)(cheng)分是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)石英(ying)、長(chang)石、云母(mu)等(deng)(deng)硅(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，完全可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)摻(chan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)參與(yu)(yu)(yu)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)反(fan)應(ying)，生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。　　低鈣粉(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)與(yu)(yu)(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)鈣粉(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)相(xiang)比，前者是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)選材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。因(yin)(yin)為(wei)鈣含(han)(han)(han)量較高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)時(shi)(shi)，聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)會(hui)受到(dao)影響，從而使(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微觀結(jie)(jie)構(gou)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)改變(bian)。相(xiang)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(如(ru)偏高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)嶺(ling)土(tu)(tu)、粉(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)渣)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)未(wei)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(如(ru)自(zi)然形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、尾(wei)(wei)(wei)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)嶺(ling)土(tu)(tu)等(deng)(deng))所制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。此外(wai)，Xu等(deng)(deng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(如(ru)粉(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui))與(yu)(yu)(yu)未(wei)煅(duan)燒(shao)(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(如(ru)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)嶺(ling)土(tu)(tu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)鈉長(chang)石)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，并縮短(duan)反(fan)應(ying)時(shi)(shi)間。　　液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)　　地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)方式有(you)(you)(you)(you)堿(jian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)(he)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)兩(liang)(liang)種，堿(jian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)NaOH、KOH等(deng)(deng)堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)(yu)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)硅(gui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)反(fan)應(ying)來合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)指(zhi)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)磷酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)等(deng)(deng)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)來制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)堿(jian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)相(xiang)比其研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)起步較晚，技術相(xiang)對(dui)不(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)。　　目前，最常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堿(jian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)堿(jian)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)(he)(he)硅(gui)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。Palomo等(deng)(deng)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現，當堿(jian)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)含(han)(han)(han)有(you)(you)(you)(you)硅(gui)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)時(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)反(fan)應(ying)速(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)加(jia)快。Xu等(deng)(deng)也證實了(le)(le)向NaOH、KOH等(deng)(deng)堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)入(ru)Na2SiO3或(huo)K2SiO3作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)加(jia)速(su)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)反(fan)應(ying)，提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)。Catherine等(deng)(deng)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)認為(wei),NaOH溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)(yu)Na2SiO3溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)可(ke)(ke)加(jia)快膠凝相(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形成(cheng)(cheng)，原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)堿(jian)環境(jing)下(xia)(xia)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Si、Al組分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)出速(su)率加(jia)快，Na2SiO3溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)加(jia)入(ru)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)促進(jin)了(le)(le)Si-O-Al和(he)(he)(he)(he)Si-O-Si-O-Al等(deng)(deng)低聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形成(cheng)(cheng)，加(jia)快了(le)(le)漿體(ti)(ti)(ti)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)態的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)變(bian)，從而縮短(duan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固化(hua)(hua)時(shi)(shi)間。　　地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)反(fan)應(ying)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)、醋(cu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)磷酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)。方旭(xu)彬等(deng)(deng)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)了(le)(le)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)摻(chan)入(ru)對(dui)復合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)渣性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，試驗結(jie)(jie)果顯示(shi)：采(cai)用(yong)(yong)0.01~0.1 mol/L的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)醋(cu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)，可(ke)(ke)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效縮短(duan)凝結(jie)(jie)時(shi)(shi)間，較早地(di)(di)(di)(di)產生(sheng)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，但需(xu)(xu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)。同時(shi)(shi)，SEM測試結(jie)(jie)果表明：復合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)渣在(zai)(zai)(zai)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)下(xia)(xia)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)二(er)次(ci)水(shui)(shui)(shui)化(hua)(hua)反(fan)應(ying)，形成(cheng)(cheng)大量網狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絮狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)凝膠，使(shi)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)更加(jia)致(zhi)密。劉樂平以(yi)(yi)偏高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)嶺(ling)土(tu)(tu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)α-Al2O3為(wei)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，磷酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)為(wei)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)磷酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現，磷酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)熱穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)比堿(jian)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)優越(yue)。從XRD和(he)(he)(he)(he)微觀結(jie)(jie)構(gou)可(ke)(ke)知，試樣(yang)經1 550℃高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)處(chu)理后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)以(yi)(yi)針狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方石英(ying)和(he)(he)(he)(he)磷酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)相(xiang)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)。　　地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)方法　　地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)方法主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)澆(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)法、超聲(sheng)(sheng)波輔(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)法以(yi)(yi)及(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)型法三種。澆(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)法是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)施加(jia)外(wai)部(bu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件下(xia)(xia)，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)NaOH或(huo)KOH作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)，將其與(yu)(yu)(yu)Na2SiO3或(huo)K2SiO3水(shui)(shui)(shui)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)，接(jie)著將含(han)(han)(han)硅(gui)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)加(jia)入(ru)該(gai)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)混(hun)(hun)勻(yun)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)注入(ru)模具(ju)，靜置，硬(ying)化(hua)(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)型。該(gai)方法制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)需(xu)(xu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量較高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)混(hun)(hun)勻(yun)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)呈(cheng)漿體(ti)(ti)(ti)，具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)流動性(xing)(xing)(xing)，可(ke)(ke)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)(bei)形狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)復雜(za)多(duo)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)，所得成(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)抗(kang)(kang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)100 MPa以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)。超聲(sheng)(sheng)波輔(fu)助(zhu)(zhu)法是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)堿(jian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)時(shi)(shi)引入(ru)超聲(sheng)(sheng)波，超聲(sheng)(sheng)波作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)-Si-O-與(yu)(yu)(yu)-Al-O-被削弱，活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)解加(jia)快，地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)(ti)(ti)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)增(zeng)(zeng)強(qiang)。Feng等(deng)(deng)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)表明，在(zai)(zai)(zai)偏高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)嶺(ling)土(tu)(tu)-砂(sha)、粉(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)-偏高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)嶺(ling)土(tu)(tu)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)引入(ru)超聲(sheng)(sheng)處(chu)理后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)熱穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)均有(you)(you)(you)(you)所提高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，其原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)超聲(sheng)(sheng)處(chu)理后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)Al和(he)(he)(he)(he)Si在(zai)(zai)(zai)堿(jian)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)解速(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)變(bian)快，硅(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)表面與(yu)(yu)(yu)凝膠相(xiang)鍵(jian)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)增(zeng)(zeng)強(qiang)，縮聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)及(ji)半晶(jing)到(dao)晶(jing)相(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形成(cheng)(cheng)得到(dao)促進(jin)。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)型法由陳鴻靈等(deng)(deng)提出，該(gai)方法在(zai)(zai)(zai)硅(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)堿(jian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)攪勻(yun)混(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)裝入(ru)模具(ju)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)5~10 MPa的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)下(xia)(xia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)型。此法水(shui)(shui)(shui)用(yong)(yong)量較少，使(shi)得體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)堿(jian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)(du)(du)(du)增(zeng)(zeng)大，活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)硅(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)單體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)出增(zeng)(zeng)多(duo)，且(qie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)較大壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)下(xia)(xia)成(cheng)(cheng)型，顆粒間空隙較小，因(yin)(yin)此所得樣(yang)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)澆(jiao)筑(zhu)(zhu)法成(cheng)(cheng)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)，但原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)混(hun)(hun)勻(yun)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)呈(cheng)膠狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，難流動。

  2024-05-25 15:00:15查看詳情>>
• 企業標準怎么寫

  　　企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)是企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部管(guan)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)，它是企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在生產(chan)、管(guan)理、服務(wu)等(deng)方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總稱，是企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部管(guan)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎和(he)(he)(he)(he)依(yi)據。編(bian)寫企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)注意(yi)(yi)以下幾點:　　明(ming)確(que)(que)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)(he)(he)(he)范(fan)(fan)(fan)　　全民國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)安全教育日(英語：National Security Education Day)是為了增強全民國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)安全意(yi)(yi)識，維護國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)安全而企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)寫首先要(yao)(yao)明(ming)確(que)(que)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)(he)(he)(he)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍，即標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)所(suo)要(yao)(yao)解(jie)決的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)和(he)(he)(he)(he)適(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍。明(ming)確(que)(que)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有助于(yu)(yu)確(que)(que)定(ding)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，確(que)(que)保(bao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實用(yong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)可操作性(xing)(xing)(xing)。設立(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)節日。　　調(diao)研分(fen)(fen)析　　標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況，掌握(wo)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展趨勢和(he)(he)(he)(he)技術水平，以及企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實際(ji)情(qing)況。只有充(chong)分(fen)(fen)了解(jie)市(shi)場需(xu)求(qiu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部情(qing)況，才能編(bian)寫出(chu)適(shi)合(he)(he)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實際(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。　　制定(ding)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)編(bian)寫計(ji)劃　　在確(que)(que)定(ding)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)(he)(he)(he)范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍、進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)調(diao)研分(fen)(fen)析的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上，制定(ding)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)編(bian)寫計(ji)劃，包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)編(bian)寫標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)表、責任人(ren)、編(bian)寫流程等(deng)。合(he)(he)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)劃能夠提高標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)編(bian)寫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效率(lv)(lv)和(he)(he)(he)(he)質(zhi)量。　　明(ming)確(que)(que)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構和(he)(he)(he)(he)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)　　企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)一般包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)引言(yan)、范(fan)(fan)(fan)圍、術語和(he)(he)(he)(he)定(ding)義(yi)、標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主體部分(fen)(fen)、標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)附錄等(deng)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)。在編(bian)寫標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中，要(yao)(yao)明(ming)確(que)(que)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構和(he)(he)(he)(he)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)(rong)，合(he)(he)理安排(pai)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各個(ge)(ge)部分(fen)(fen)，確(que)(que)保(bao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完整性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)系統(tong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)　　征求(qiu)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)修改(gai)完善(shan)　　在編(bian)寫初(chu)稿后(hou)，要(yao)(yao)征求(qiu)相(xiang)關(guan)部門和(he)(he)(he)(he)專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)，聽取各方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建議和(he)(he)(he)(he)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)，對標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)修改(gai)和(he)(he)(he)(he)完善(shan)。充(chong)分(fen)(fen)征求(qiu)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)有助于(yu)(yu)發現標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)存在的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)和(he)(he)(he)(he)不足，提高標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可操作性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)適(shi)用(yong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)。　　審(shen)定(ding)和(he)(he)(he)(he)發布(bu)　　經(jing)(jing)過(guo)多次修改(gai)和(he)(he)(he)(he)完善(shan)后(hou)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)經(jing)(jing)過(guo)審(shen)定(ding)才能正式發布(bu)實施。在審(shen)定(ding)過(guo)程中，要(yao)(yao)確(que)(que)保(bao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)合(he)(he)理性(xing)(xing)(xing)，確(que)(que)保(bao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)符合(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)法(fa)律法(fa)規(gui)和(he)(he)(he)(he)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)。　　培(pei)訓和(he)(he)(he)(he)推(tui)廣(guang)　　企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)發布(bu)實施后(hou)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)相(xiang)關(guan)人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)訓，確(que)(que)保(bao)各部門和(he)(he)(he)(he)人(ren)員能夠正確(que)(que)理解(jie)和(he)(he)(he)(he)執行(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。同時，要(yao)(yao)積(ji)極推(tui)廣(guang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，提高標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知曉率(lv)(lv)和(he)(he)(he)(he)執行(xing)率(lv)(lv)。　　總之，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)寫是一個(ge)(ge)系統(tong)工(gong)(gong)程，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)調(diao)研、合(he)(he)理規(gui)劃、征求(qiu)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)、審(shen)定(ding)發布(bu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)培(pei)訓推(tui)廣(guang)等(deng)一系列(lie)工(gong)(gong)作。只有科(ke)學規(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)地(di)編(bian)寫企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，才能更(geng)好地(di)規(gui)范(fan)(fan)(fan)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)理，提高產(chan)品質(zhi)量，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可持(chi)續(xu)發展。

  2024-05-24 09:06:21查看詳情>>
• 企業如何選擇國標、地標、行標、團標、企標

  　　國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao):是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)由(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)機構通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)并公開(kai)(kai)發(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，中(zhong)華人民(min)共和國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun):是(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)對我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)經(jing)濟(ji)技(ji)術(shu)發(fa)展有(you)重大意義，必須(xu)在(zai)(zai)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)范圍(wei)內(nei)統一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。　　國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)又分為(wei)三類(lei)，第一(yi)(yi)類(lei)為(wei)強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，第二類(lei)為(wei)推薦(jian)(jian)性(xing)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，第三類(lei)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)指(zhi)導性(xing)技(ji)術(shu)文件;　　強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)代(dai)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao):GB　　推薦(jian)(jian)性(xing)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)代(dai)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao):GB/T　　國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)指(zhi)導性(xing)技(ji)術(shu)文件代(dai)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao):GB/Z　　“GB”即國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漢語拼音(yin)　　“T”是(shi)(shi)(shi)推薦(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意識(shi)(shi)　　“Z”是(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)導的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意識(shi)(shi)　　QUESTION　　行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)　　行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun):是(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)沒(mei)有(you)推薦(jian)(jian)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，需要(yao)在(zai)(zai)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)某(mou)個(ge)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)范圍(wei)內(nei)統一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)補充，目(mu)前國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)主(zhu)管部門已批準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)發(fa)布了67個(ge)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)代(dai)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)沒(mei)有(you)強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。　　通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)，推薦(jian)(jian)性(xing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)代(dai)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao):YD/T　　電子行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)，推薦(jian)(jian)性(xing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)代(dai)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao):SJ/T　　“YD”即郵(you)電的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漢語拼音(yin)　　QUESTION　　地(di)(di)(di)(di)方標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)　　地(di)(di)(di)(di)方標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun):是(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)在(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)某(mou)個(ge)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)并公開(kai)(kai)發(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方政(zheng)府標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)部門編(bian)制(zhi)計劃，組織起草、統一(yi)(yi)審批、編(bian)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、發(fa)布，并由(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)部門備(bei)案(an)。　　地(di)(di)(di)(di)方標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)代(dai)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)為(wei)“DB”加上各地(di)(di)(di)(di)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區域代(dai)碼(ma)，　　例:福建(jian)(jian)省(sheng)(sheng)福建(jian)(jian)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)代(dai)碼(ma)為(wei)35那么福建(jian)(jian)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推薦(jian)(jian)性(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)代(dai)碼(ma)為(wei):DB35/T　　QUESTION　　團體標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)　　團體標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun):是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)團體按(an)照(zhao)團體確立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)制(zhi)定(ding)程序(xu)自主(zhu)制(zhi)定(ding)發(fa)布，有(you)社(she)會自愿采用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。團體標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)鼓勵(li)社(she)會團體制(zhi)定(ding)嚴于(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)和行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),不能(neng)與現有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)代(dai)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)相重復.　　比如中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)協(xie)會發(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《智能(neng)家(jia)(jia)(jia)電系統互聯網操作評價技(ji)術(shu)指(zhi)南》團體標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)T/CAS290----2017　　QUESTION　　企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)　　企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun):企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)范圍(wei)內(nei)需要(yao)協(xie)調(diao)、統一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)、管理要(yao)求(qiu)和工作所(suo)制(zhi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)其要(yao)求(qiu)不得低于(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)或行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)應在(zai)(zai)發(fa)布后30日內(nei)向政(zheng)府備(bei)案(an)　　1，簡單(dan)來說，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)必須(xu)遵守的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對單(dan)一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)種行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)適用，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)只是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)部有(you)效(xiao)。　　2，選用標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)先順序(xu)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)>行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)>團標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)>企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)。　　3，如果企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)高(gao)于(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)或者國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)所(suo)備(bei)案(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。否則，按(an)照(zhao)這(zhe)個(ge)順序(xu)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)、行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)、企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。　　可(ke)以(yi)這(zhe)樣認為(wei):國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)、行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)、企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)允許同(tong)時(shi)存在(zai)(zai)，但前題條件是(shi)(shi)(shi)制(zhi)訂(ding)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)時(shi)，企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)應優(you)于(yu)(高(gao)于(yu))行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)又優(you)于(yu)(高(gao)于(yu))國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)。

  2024-05-23 09:03:30查看(kan)詳情(qing)>>
• 為什么要進行體系認證？

  　　體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)第(di)三(san)方機(ji)構(gou)對(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)或產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)，進行(xing)第(di)三(san)方評價(jia)。該(gai)機(ji)構(gou)必須是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獨立(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，公正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)種類(lei)繁多(duo)(duo)，流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)復(fu)雜(za)，很多(duo)(duo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)被要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)后總會發(fa)(fa)出(chu)以(yi)下疑問：為(wei)什(shen)么(me)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)進行(xing)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)？認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)哪些(xie)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)？怎樣才拿到證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書?認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)中會有(you)(you)(you)哪些(xie)阻礙?多(duo)(duo)久(jiu)能(neng)出(chu)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)......如(ru)何才能(neng)快速獲得權威認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)？下面我們一(yi)(yi)起看(kan)(kan)看(kan)(kan)吧~　　企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)什(shen)么(me)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)？　　1、投標(biao)(biao)(biao)加分(fen)(fen)(fen)　　招投標(biao)(biao)(biao)強制(zhi)性(xing)加分(fen)(fen)(fen)項，進入國(guo)(guo)家及(ji)政(zheng)府平臺(tai)名單，幫助企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)取更(geng)多(duo)(duo)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)機(ji)會。　　2、滿足(zu)(zu)客(ke)戶　　充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)考(kao)慮用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶需(xu)求(qiu)，滿足(zu)(zu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，增(zeng)(zeng)強客(ke)戶信(xin)心，在(zai)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)中立(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)敗之地。3、吸引(yin)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)　　強化品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)效益，擴大(da)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)份(fen)額，吸引(yin)外(wai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)。　　4、國(guo)(guo)際(ji)準(zhun)入　　打破國(guo)(guo)際(ji)貿易壁壘，獲得國(guo)(guo)際(ji)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)“通(tong)(tong)行(xing)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)”,有(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)經濟合作(zuo)與(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)交流(liu)。　　5、節(jie)能(neng)減耗(hao)(hao)　　精(jing)簡(jian)運(yun)營(ying)，節(jie)能(neng)減耗(hao)(hao)，優化成本，減少浪費(fei)，充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)每一(yi)(yi)份(fen)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源。　　6、規(gui)(gui)范運(yun)營(ying)　　強化內部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，節(jie)省企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)各流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)力(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。　　7、政(zheng)府補助　　有(you)(you)(you)效規(gui)(gui)避(bi)法(fa)律風險(xian)，響應國(guo)(guo)家號召，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)獎勵(li)概(gai)率。　　8、提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升形(xing)象　　樹(shu)立(li)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)形(xing)象，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知名度，增(zeng)(zeng)加市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)優勢。　　##市(shi)(shi)面常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)　　一(yi)(yi)、ISO9001質量(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)　　ISO9001質量(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)俗稱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)9000認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)講質量(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)邏輯和(he)(he)(he)(he)閉環(huan)(huan)，廣泛適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。　　二(er)、ISO14001環(huan)(huan)境管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)　　ISO14001環(huan)(huan)境管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)講環(huan)(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)概(gai)念，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全(quan)球全(quan)人類(lei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)環(huan)(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)責任和(he)(he)(he)(he)胸懷，適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)任何組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)，包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)及(ji)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)政(zheng)府單位。　　三(san)、ISO45001職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)健康(kang)安(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)　　ISO45001體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)性(xing)安(an)(an)全(quan)及(ji)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統驗證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)關(guan)(guan)注的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)健康(kang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)安(an)(an)全(quan)，涉及(ji)人權和(he)(he)(he)(he)社會責任，同樣適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。　　四、GB/T50430工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)質量(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)規(gui)(gui)范　　GB/T50430體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)從事(shi)與(yu)(yu)建(jian)筑資(zi)(zi)(zi)質相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，如(ru)防(fang)水(shui)防(fang)腐保(bao)溫工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、建(jian)筑裝(zhuang)修裝(zhuang)飾(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、消防(fang)設施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、建(jian)筑幕墻工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、電子與(yu)(yu)智能(neng)化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)公用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、石油(you)化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、機(ji)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、建(jian)筑機(ji)電安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、環(huan)(huan)保(bao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、鋼結構(gou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)(deng)，都(dou)(dou)必須具有(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)質證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書。　　五、IS027001信(xin)息安(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)　　信(xin)息安(an)(an)全(quan)對(dui)每個(ge)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)或組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)來說都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)信(xin)息安(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)具有(you)(you)(you)普遍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)，不(bu)受地域、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)別(bie)和(he)(he)(he)(he)公司規(gui)(gui)模限制(zhi)。從目前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獲得認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)情況看(kan)(kan)，較多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)涉及(ji)保(bao)險(xian)、證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)券、銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)、金融產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈所(suo)(suo)涉及(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(票(piao)據印刷、IC卡制(zhi)造)以(yi)及(ji)為(wei)金融行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、電信(xin)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、電力(li)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、數據處理(li)(li)(li)(li)中心和(he)(he)(he)(he)軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)外(wai)包(bao)(bao)、軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)開發(fa)(fa)等(deng)(deng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。　　六、IS020000信(xin)息技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)　　ISO20000的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)適(shi)(shi)合IT服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)者，可(ke)以(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)IT部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)，包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(但不(bu)限于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu))以(yi)下類(lei)別(bie)：　　1、IT服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)外(wai)包(bao)(bao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)　　IT服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)外(wai)包(bao)(bao)商(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)IT服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)軍者，ISO20000信(xin)息技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)向客(ke)戶交付高(gao)(gao)質量(liang)(liang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)彰顯卓越IT服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)能(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志。　　2、IT系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統集成商(shang)(shang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)開發(fa)(fa)商(shang)(shang)　　這類(lei)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)ISO20000規(gui)(gui)范并對(dui)所(suo)(suo)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軟(ruan)/硬件(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)。在(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)整個(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命周期內保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)質量(liang)(liang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)持(chi)續支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)。　　3、企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)IT服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)商(shang)(shang)或IT運(yun)營(ying)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門　　銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)、電信(xin)、地產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、政(zheng)府等(deng)(deng)大(da)型國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)(he)(he)上市(shi)(shi)公司。這些(xie)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)IT系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統規(gui)(gui)模通(tong)(tong)常(chang)都(dou)(dou)很龐大(da)，業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)IT的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依賴(lai)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度高(gao)(gao)。隨(sui)著組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)內部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)IT系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統復(fu)雜(za)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)急(ji)速增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)，他們急(ji)需(xu)改善內部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)IT服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平，為(wei)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定和(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)有(you)(you)(you)力(li)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)。　　七(qi)、ISO22000食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)　　ISO22000該(gai)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)鏈中所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)希望建(jian)立(li)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)，無論其規(gui)(gui)模、類(lei)型和(he)(he)(he)(he)其所(suo)(suo)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。它適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)商(shang)(shang)，動物(wu)飼料(liao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)商(shang)(shang)，食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)商(shang)(shang)，批發(fa)(fa)商(shang)(shang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)零售商(shang)(shang)。它也(ye)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)與(yu)(yu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設備供(gong)(gong)(gong)應廠(chang)(chang)(chang)商(shang)(shang)，物(wu)流(liu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應商(shang)(shang)，包(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)材料(liao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應廠(chang)(chang)(chang)商(shang)(shang)，農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化學(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)和(he)(he)(he)(he)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)添加劑供(gong)(gong)(gong)應廠(chang)(chang)(chang)商(shang)(shang)，涉及(ji)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應商(shang)(shang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)餐廳。　　八(ba)、HACCP危害分(fen)(fen)(fen)析與(yu)(yu)關(guan)(guan)鍵控制(zhi)點體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)　　HACCP體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)針對(dui)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，針對(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)鏈全(quan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)安(an)(an)全(quan)(對(dui)消費(fei)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命安(an)(an)全(quan)負責)。雖然(ran)ISO22000和(he)(he)(he)(he)HACCP體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)都(dou)(dou)歸屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)列，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)范圍上有(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)區(qu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)：ISO22000體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)及(ji)其相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，而HACCP體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)只(zhi)能(neng)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)及(ji)緊(jin)密(mi)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)。　　九、IATF16949汽(qi)車質量(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)　　適(shi)(shi)合做IATF16949體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)：轎(jiao)車、載貨汽(qi)車、客(ke)車、摩托車及(ji)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)、配件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)家。不(bu)適(shi)(shi)合做IATF16949體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)則有(you)(you)(you)：工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(叉車)、農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(小(xiao)貨車)、建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)車)、礦業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、林業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)(deng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)車生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)家。混合性(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)少部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)給(gei)汽(qi)車制(zhi)造廠(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)做IATF16949認(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)。　　十(shi)、ISO13485醫(yi)療(liao)器械質量(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)　　由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)醫(yi)療(liao)器械是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)救(jiu)死扶傷(shang)、防(fang)病治病的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊(shu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)，僅按(an)ISO9000標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)來規(gui)(gui)范是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，為(wei)此(ci)ISO組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)頒布了ISO1348標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，對(dui)醫(yi)療(liao)器械生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)出(chu)了專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。

  2024-05-22 10:40:01查(cha)看詳(xiang)情(qing)>>
• 地聚物水泥

  　　一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概念地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)20世(shi)紀70年(nian)(nian)代法國Davidovits教授開發(fa)(fa)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)新品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。后(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)，在(zai)英國、美國和(he)(he)加(jia)(jia)拿大(da)(da)(da)(da)等國都有(you)(you)這(zhe)類(lei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)情況報(bao)道。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)曾引(yin)起我國水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)學術界的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)(xie)高(gao)等院校對(dui)其(qi)(qi)開展了大(da)(da)(da)(da)量研(yan)究(jiu)工作(zuo)，還(huan)召開過(guo)(guo)(guo)專(zhuan)題報(bao)告會，加(jia)(jia)深了對(dui)這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認識。但(dan)(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)本(ben)(ben)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺點，致(zhi)使國內(nei)研(yan)究(jiu)如(ru)曇花一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)現(xian)，近年(nian)(nian)隨著地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)基(ji)處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)需(xu)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擴大(da)(da)(da)(da)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)及(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)，越來(lai)(lai)越得到新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)。　　二(er)(er)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)無熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)組分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)礎組分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)和(he)(he)激(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)。基(ji)礎組分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)兩種(zhong)(zhong)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)火山(shan)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)質材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，來(lai)(lai)源(yuan)于(yu)火山(shan)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、煅燒高(gao)嶺土(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)(he)粉煤(mei)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)等，其(qi)(qi)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)偏(pian)高(gao)嶺土(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)(he)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)玻璃(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)；第二(er)(er)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)渣(zha)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，來(lai)(lai)源(yuan)于(yu)粒化高(gao)爐礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)渣(zha)、粒化鋼渣(zha)和(he)(he)磷渣(zha)等，活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鈣硅(gui)(gui)(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)玻璃(li)體(ti)(ti)(ti)。無熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)激(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)也(ye)有(you)(you)兩種(zhong)(zhong)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)Ca(OH2型(xing)(xing)激(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)，如(ru)石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)等；第二(er)(er)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)NaOH型(xing)(xing)激(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)，如(ru)Na0H、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)玻璃(li)等。基(ji)礎組分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)與激(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)配置(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)制成(cheng)(cheng)各種(zhong)(zhong)無熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)火山(shan)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)由(you)火山(shan)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)質材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)與Ca(0H)2型(xing)(xing)激(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)組成(cheng)(cheng)；石(shi)膏礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)渣(zha)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)由(you)粒化高(gao)爐礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)渣(zha)與Ca(OH)2型(xing)(xing)激(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)組成(cheng)(cheng)；堿(jian)(jian)(jian)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)渣(zha)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)由(you)粒化高(gao)爐礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)渣(zha)與NaOH型(xing)(xing)激(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)組成(cheng)(cheng)；地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)由(you)火山(shan)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)質材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)與Na0H型(xing)(xing)激(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)組成(cheng)(cheng)。在(zai)無熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)系(xi)列(lie)各品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)較中(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)看到，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)與堿(jian)(jian)(jian)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)渣(zha)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)相(xiang)比(bi)，基(ji)礎組分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)而(er)(er)(er)激(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)屬相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)；與石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)火山(shan)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)相(xiang)比(bi)．激(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)劑(ji)(ji)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，但(dan)(dan)基(ji)礎組分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)與其(qi)(qi)他無熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)組成(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)都有(you)(you)著密(mi)切(qie)關系(xi)，據此(ci)(ci)將它(ta)定位于(yu)無熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)系(xi)列(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)充分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)理由(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。　　三、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)機理　　目前(qian)最(zui)為廣(guang)泛(fan)接受的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法國J.Davidovits提出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)和(he)(he)縮聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理論(lun)。他認為地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)凝(ning)(ning)結(jie)(jie)(jie)硬(ying)化過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)原(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)氧(yang)鍵和(he)(he)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)氧(yang)鍵在(zai)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)催化劑(ji)(ji)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下斷裂(lie)后(hou)(hou)再(zai)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)組的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。J.Davidovits在(zai)研(yan)究(jiu)中(zhong)(zhong)假設(she)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)酸(suan)(suan)鹽地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)(xie)假設(she)基(ji)團逐(zhu)步發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)縮聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)假設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組成(cheng)(cheng)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)進一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步縮聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)三維大(da)(da)(da)(da)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)。他將這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)低相(xiang)對(dui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)質量單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)（單(dan)(dan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)、二(er)(er)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)、三聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)等）稱為低聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。低聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酸(suan)(suan)鹽指的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)單(dan)(dan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)正硅(gui)(gui)(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酸(suan)(suan)鹽、二(er)(er)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)二(er)(er)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酸(suan)(suan)鹽等；類(lei)似的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，也(ye)有(you)(you)低聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酸(suan)(suan)鹽—硅(gui)(gui)(gui)氧(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)低聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酸(suan)(suan)鹽—二(er)(er)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)氧(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)。J.Davidovits提出地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)可(ke)以(yi)如(ru)下表述(shu)：　　（1）鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)酸(suan)(suan)鹽原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)在(zai)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)溶液(NaOH,KOH)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶解(jie)。（2）溶解(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)配合(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)由(you)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)顆(ke)粒表面(mian)向(xiang)顆(ke)粒間(jian)(jian)隙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擴散(san)。（3）凝(ning)(ning)膠相(xiang)M{一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(SiO2)z—AlO2}n·wH2O的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng),導(dao)致(zhi)在(zai)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)酸(suan)(suan)鹽溶液和(he)(he)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)配合(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong);。（4）凝(ning)(ning)膠相(xiang)逐(zhu)漸排(pai)除剩(sheng)余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen),固(gu)(gu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)硬(ying)化成(cheng)(cheng)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)塊體(ti)(ti)(ti)。對(dui)于(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)途的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，其(qi)(qi)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)機理不(bu)(bu)(bu)完(wan)全(quan)相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)，但(dan)(dan)骨干反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)為上(shang)述(shu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。　　四(si)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)高(gao)強、耐高(gao)溫地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)本(ben)(ben)身是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)氧(yang)化物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)網(wang)(wang)絡結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)，在(zai)1000℃-1200℃之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)氧(yang)化、不(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)解(jie)；另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)，密(mi)實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)化物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)網(wang)(wang)絡體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)可(ke)以(yi)隔(ge)絕空氣、保(bao)護內(nei)部物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質不(bu)(bu)(bu)被氧(yang)化。經復合(he)(he)(he)改性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)后(hou)(hou)．材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)壓、抗(kang)拉(la)、抗(kang)彎曲強度都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)普(pu)通(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)基(ji)材(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)10倍以(yi)上(shang)，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)高(gao)溫性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)好、不(bu)(bu)(bu)燃(ran)、隔(ge)熱、保(bao)溫（導(dao)熱系(xi)數(shu)：0.24~0.38W/m·k）、沒有(you)(you)毒性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)氣體(ti)(ti)(ti)釋放。所以(yi)可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)(yong)來(lai)(lai)替(ti)代金(jin)(jin)屬、陶瓷和(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)航天(tian)、航空、土(tu)(tu)(tu)木工程(cheng)(cheng)、鑄造、裝飾等領域。耐久性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)優良(liang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優良(liang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)源(yuan)于(yu)其(qi)(qi)穩(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)絡結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)，另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)為可(ke)以(yi)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)避免普(pu)通(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)因(yin)金(jin)(jin)屬離(li)子(zi)遷移與骨料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)而(er)(er)(er)引(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)集料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)，沒有(you)(you)膨脹(普(pu)通(tong)(tong)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)酸(suan)(suan)鹽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)在(zai)200天(tian)后(hou)(hou)因(yin)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)集料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)而(er)(er)(er)膨脹1.5mm/m，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)極大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)隱患)，因(yin)而(er)(er)(er)經受自然破(po)壞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力很強。J.Davidovits在(zai)對(dui)羅馬(ma)古(gu)競技場(chang)、希臘古(gu)Cister混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)墻、埃及(ji)古(gu)金(jin)(jin)字塔等考(kao)察后(hou)(hou)，發(fa)(fa)現(xian)這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)(xie)古(gu)建筑物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)“類(lei)沸(fei)石(shi)”結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)，并(bing)(bing)認為這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)那些(xie)(xie)(xie)古(gu)建筑能(neng)夠屹(yi)立千年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)。功(gong)能(neng)多樣性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)元(yuan)(yuan)素存在(zai)穩(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)+4價(jia)態(tai)，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)氧(yang)四(si)面(mian)體(ti)(ti)(ti)顯電(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)氧(yang)四(si)面(mian)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)元(yuan)(yuan)素是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)+3價(jia)態(tai)，但(dan)(dan)卻(que)與四(si)個(ge)氧(yang)原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)鍵，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)氧(yang)四(si)面(mian)體(ti)(ti)(ti)顯電(dian)負性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)吸收體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正離(li)子(zi)來(lai)(lai)平衡電(dian)荷，總的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)果使體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)顯電(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)離(li)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)行為以(yi)及(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)本(ben)(ben)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)特(te)點，使得該種(zhong)(zhong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)具(ju)(ju)備多種(zhong)(zhong)功(gong)能(neng)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。　　五(wu)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)景及(ji)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)近年(nian)(nian)來(lai)(lai)得到重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)非常重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)，取材(cai)(cai)(cai)簡單(dan)(dan)，中(zhong)(zhong)國經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展，致(zhi)使大(da)(da)(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)焚(fen)燒殘余(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、粉煤(mei)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)等基(ji)礎材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)困(kun)難，并(bing)(bing)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)量堆(dui)積(ji)，對(dui)于(yu)環(huan)節來(lai)(lai)說壓力山(shan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)。另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)，基(ji)建地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)基(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)式(shi)革命(ming)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化，以(yi)前(qian)處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)基(ji)以(yi)換填為主的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模式(shi)，逐(zhu)步被就地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)所代替(ti)，給地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)創造了應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)場(chang)景，且(qie)需(xu)求(qiu)量巨大(da)(da)(da)(da)。相(xiang)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)表明2023年(nian)(nian)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)產量20.4億噸，按照(zhao)目前(qian)估算用(yong)(yong)于(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)基(ji)處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)15%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)守比(bi)例依然超過(guo)(guo)(guo)3.0億噸，由(you)于(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)對(dui)于(yu)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)金(jin)(jin)屬、二(er)(er)惡英有(you)(you)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)功(gong)能(neng)，可(ke)以(yi)預見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)未來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污染土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤治理，同(tong)(tong)樣具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)非常大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢。

  2024-05-21 09:37:55查(cha)看詳情>>
• 當前環境下預拌混凝土行業的發展趨勢與問題透視

  　　混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)(qian)建筑行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途(tu)最(zui)(zui)廣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)宗材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，在工(gong)程(cheng)領域(yu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮著(zhu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)他材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)無法替代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)高(gao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建立在聚羧酸減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)(he)礦(kuang)物(wu)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)合(he)(he)(he)(he)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)兩大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)起(qi)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)六組分(fen)(fen)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型建筑材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。隨著(zhu)高(gao)鐵(tie)(tie)等(deng)(deng)(deng)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建設(she)(she)(she)，為高(gao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)(ti)供了(le)持(chi)續的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)長空間(jian)。　　影響(xiang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)因(yin)(yin)素是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，包(bao)括原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)比(bi)(bi)(bi)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、拌(ban)(ban)(ban)合(he)(he)(he)(he)站及(ji)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)。除原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)波(bo)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)(yin)素外(wai)(wai)(wai)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)影響(xiang)較大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)(yin)素是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)單(dan)位、商(shang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)站混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)佳時(shi)(shi)，自己調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空間(jian)很小(xiao)，僅(jin)僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)、碎(sui)(sui)(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)、減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)或(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)簡單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)始終達不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)滿(man)意的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態，只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)聯合(he)(he)(he)(he)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)家(jia)來(lai)(lai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關(guan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)，圖紙會(hui)明(ming)確(que)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)耐久(jiu)(jiu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關(guan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，在進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)修(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)(xia)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命為100年(nian)(nian)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)明(ming)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)耐久(jiu)(jiu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)規(gui)范，規(gui)定(ding)(ding)了(le)具體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)測(ce)參(can)數、指(zhi)標(biao)。為提(ti)(ti)高(gao)各行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，在以(yi)(yi)上(shang)各影響(xiang)因(yin)(yin)素分(fen)(fen)析(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)何采(cai)(cai)(cai)取正(zheng)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)來(lai)(lai)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)隱(yin)患問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為亟待(dai)研究的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)課題(ti)(ti)(ti)。　　01　　新(xin)(xin)(xin)形(xing)勢下(xia)(xia)預拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)　　目(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)(qian)，預拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)存(cun)在以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)難(nan)(nan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)：　　①配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)比(bi)(bi)(bi)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)（各等(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)確(que)、碎(sui)(sui)(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)粒徑選擇錯誤、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)膠比(bi)(bi)(bi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)亂、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)包(bao)裹、碎(sui)(sui)(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)比(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)選擇不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)當導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)未(wei)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)填充(chong)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)、從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)對(dui)(dui)(dui)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)合(he)(he)(he)(he)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)理(li)(li)及(ji)對(dui)(dui)(dui)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)認(ren)識不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)深(shen)入(ru)或(huo)(huo)過(guo)(guo)分(fen)(fen)夸大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)確(que)）。　　②工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)（混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)泌(mi)(mi)(mi)黃(huang)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、泌(mi)(mi)(mi)白漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、油和(he)(he)(he)(he)碳(tan)(tan)顆粒析(xi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)掛漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、泌(mi)(mi)(mi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、板(ban)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、抓底、無包(bao)裹、粘性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)準確(que)，氣(qi)(qi)損(sun)(sun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，保(bao)(bao)坍(tan)(tan)(tan)困(kun)(kun)(kun)難(nan)(nan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)）。　　③施(shi)(shi)工(gong)困(kun)(kun)(kun)難(nan)(nan)（斷樁、泵送(song)困(kun)(kun)(kun)難(nan)(nan)、流(liu)動(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、振(zhen)搗困(kun)(kun)(kun)難(nan)(nan)、坍(tan)(tan)(tan)損(sun)(sun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)、二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、浮(fu)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)厚、亂加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)增(zeng)稠劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)(qi)排不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)）。　　④力(li)學(xue)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)（強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)、漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)、漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)骨(gu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)(he)(he)面(mian)(mian)粘結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)力(li)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、骨(gu)架結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)破(po)壞異常(chang)）。　　⑤實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)工(gong)程(cheng)外(wai)(wai)(wai)觀差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)（“泛(fan)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)”漏骨(gu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、泛(fan)白、泛(fan)黃(huang)、泛(fan)黑、魚(yu)鱗紋等(deng)(deng)(deng)）。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)難(nan)(nan)題(ti)(ti)(ti)，必(bi)須從(cong)(cong)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)比(bi)(bi)(bi)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)復(fu)(fu)(fu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)、現(xian)(xian)場(chang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)與(yu)(yu)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)提(ti)(ti)升相(xiang)關(guan)領域(yu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)論水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合(he)(he)(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。　　混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)(li)論和(he)(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐相(xiang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)(he)(he)非常(chang)緊(jin)密(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)科(ke)(ke)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)空談(tan)理(li)(li)論不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)去實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐，更不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)盲(mang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)去理(li)(li)論總結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)新(xin)(xin)(xin)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)泌(mi)(mi)(mi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)非常(chang)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)絕大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)數從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)看到(dao)(dao)(dao)泌(mi)(mi)(mi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)，往(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)采(cai)(cai)(cai)取“降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)或(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)”，這(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)錯誤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)(si)路，源于從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)對(dui)(dui)(dui)目(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)(qian)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)泌(mi)(mi)(mi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)識深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)夠。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)泌(mi)(mi)(mi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)(yin)素（級(ji)(ji)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)良、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)缺硫(liu)、堿(jian)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)、C3A低(di)(di)(di)(di)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)、混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)材(cai)(cai)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)且(qie)(qie)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)等(deng)(deng)(deng)）、碎(sui)(sui)(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)良、砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)、減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)母液(ye)(ye)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、復(fu)(fu)(fu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)（不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)消泡、引氣(qi)(qi)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)提(ti)(ti)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、緩凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)確(que)、高(gao)保(bao)(bao)母液(ye)(ye)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)當、減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)復(fu)(fu)(fu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)保(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)增(zeng)稠劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)(deng)(deng)）、減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)、氣(qi)(qi)損(sun)(sun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。以(yi)(yi)上(shang)因(yin)(yin)素都(dou)(dou)會(hui)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)泌(mi)(mi)(mi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，但行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)往(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)看到(dao)(dao)(dao)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)泌(mi)(mi)(mi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)就盲(mang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)取“降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)或(huo)(huo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)，這(zhe)(zhe)種思(si)(si)路是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。　　02　　混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)　　縱觀國(guo)內(nei)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)參(can)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)齊，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)逐年(nian)(nian)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)，質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)事故層(ceng)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)窮(qiong)，原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)括：　　（1）水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)瘦身嚴重(zhong)(zhong)，熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)越來(lai)(lai)越少筆者曾調(diao)(diao)研市場(chang)某普(pu)硅(gui)42.5水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)小(xiao)于45%，而(er)(er)(er)(er)普(pu)硅(gui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)標(biao)準要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于80%。混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)材(cai)(cai)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)且(qie)(qie)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)鋼渣(zha)、建筑垃(la)圾、粘土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)五(wu)花八門（天(tian)(tian)(tian)然二(er)(er)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)占(zhan)極少數，多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)數為脫硫(liu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，甚至(zhi)還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)很多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)磷(lin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)、廢右膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)），水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)標(biao)準稠度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)變(bian)(bian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，磨得太細(xi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)較大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)普(pu)硅(gui)42.5水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)3天(tian)(tian)(tian)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)(ben)都(dou)(dou)在28～32MPa后(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)增(zeng)長少（有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)近(jin)(jin)50%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)普(pu)硅(gui)42.5水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)，28天(tian)(tian)(tian)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)45MPa）。　　（2）水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)礦(kuang)物(wu)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)格或(huo)(huo)波(bo)動(dong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)高(gao)堿(jian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坍(tan)(tan)(tan)落(luo)(luo)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)損(sun)(sun)失(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)或(huo)(huo)快(kuai)(kuai)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning);水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)C3A偏低(di)(di)(di)(di)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)泌(mi)(mi)(mi)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)或(huo)(huo)泌(mi)(mi)(mi)清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)熟(shu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)C3A偏高(gao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坍(tan)(tan)(tan)落(luo)(luo)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)損(sun)(sun)失(shi)快(kuai)(kuai)或(huo)(huo)快(kuai)(kuai)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)現(xian)(xian)象；磷(lin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)雜質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)泌(mi)(mi)(mi)黃(huang)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)抓底（C3A低(di)(di)(di)(di)時(shi)(shi)）、磷(lin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)雜質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)坍(tan)(tan)(tan)落(luo)(luo)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)損(sun)(sun)失(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)或(huo)(huo)假(jia)(jia)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)（C3A高(gao)時(shi)(shi)）等(deng)(deng)(deng)種種問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)。　　（3）混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)合(he)(he)(he)(he)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，目(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)(qian)市場(chang)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)堪憂，假(jia)(jia)灰(hui)非常(chang)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)，假(jia)(jia)灰(hui)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)較少。尤其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)房(fang)建商(shang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)（很多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)商(shang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)站連檢(jian)測(ce)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)玻璃(li)體(ti)(ti)SiO2和(he)(he)(he)(he)Al2O3的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)測(ce)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)都(dou)(dou)沒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)備(bei)，很難(nan)(nan)把(ba)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)），假(jia)(jia)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)由(you)(you)于沒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)存(cun)在或(huo)(huo)很少，致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)化(hua)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)溶性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)堿(jian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)化(hua)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)使(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密(mi)(mi)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。　　（4）把(ba)沒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為膠凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)（美其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)名曰叫礦(kuang)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)礦(kuang)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)系(xi)指(zhi)磨細(xi)礦(kuang)渣(zha)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)），石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)沒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，在混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)起(qi)填充(chong)、包(bao)裹作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)入(ru)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)包(bao)裹性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、密(mi)(mi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)會(hui)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)使(shi)(shi)得強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)，這(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)代(dai)表石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)（當然納米(mi)級(ji)(ji)超細(xi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)除外(wai)(wai)(wai)）；另(ling)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)中(zhong)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)入(ru)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)（不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)超過(guo)(guo)10%），對(dui)(dui)(dui)低(di)(di)(di)(di)等(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，但也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)考慮(lv)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，避免混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)中(zhong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)總含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)過(guo)(guo)高(gao)。　　（5）行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)總體(ti)(ti)素質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)待(dai)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)，把(ba)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)。比(bi)(bi)(bi)如(ru)(ru)(ru)中(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)當一(yi)(yi)(yi)部分(fen)(fen)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)工(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，甚至(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)司機(ji)轉(zhuan)崗(gang)(gang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)來(lai)(lai)，學(xue)歷不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)，職稱較低(di)(di)(di)(di)，學(xue)習能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)較差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，且(qie)(qie)很少有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)會(hui)參(can)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)相(xiang)關(guan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)培(pei)訓。　　混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為一(yi)(yi)(yi)個系(xi)統(tong)工(gong)程(cheng)，必(bi)須對(dui)(dui)(dui)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)比(bi)(bi)(bi)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)復(fu)(fu)(fu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)、混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、現(xian)(xian)場(chang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)都(dou)(dou)非常(chang)熟(shu)悉(xi)(xi)(xi)，并融會(hui)貫通(tong)(tong)(tong)，方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)保(bao)(bao)證混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)可(ke)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。我(wo)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)只(zhi)會(hui)做(zuo)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)，但對(dui)(dui)(dui)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)標(biao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)卻一(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)半解(jie)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)如(ru)(ru)(ru)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)燒失(shi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，規(gui)范規(gui)定(ding)(ding)抗(kang)(kang)凍地區不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)于3%，對(dui)(dui)(dui)于這(zhe)(zhe)個指(zhi)標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)義，很多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)解(jie)讀不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)夠深(shen)入(ru)。粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)燒失(shi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸附(fu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)較大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)坍(tan)(tan)(tan)落(luo)(luo)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)損(sun)(sun)失(shi)較大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，尤其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸附(fu)最(zui)(zui)為明(ming)顯(xian)，致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)引不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)上(shang)來(lai)(lai)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)寒冷地區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)抗(kang)(kang)凍主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)依靠含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，所以(yi)(yi)，規(gui)范規(gui)定(ding)(ding)抗(kang)(kang)凍地區混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)入(ru)模(mo)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)最(zui)(zui)低(di)(di)(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)于4%，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)因(yin)(yin)此(ci)對(dui)(dui)(dui)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、引氣(qi)(qi)、氣(qi)(qi)損(sun)(sun)、保(bao)(bao)坍(tan)(tan)(tan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)更高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)對(dui)(dui)(dui)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)熟(shu)悉(xi)(xi)(xi)，尤其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)采(cai)(cai)(cai)取措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)總量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)從(cong)(cong)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)進(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)考慮(lv)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)包(bao)裹，往(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)包(bao)裹，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)比(bi)(bi)(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)發(fa)(fa)(fa)硬、流(liu)動(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)骨(gu)架結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)破(po)壞，已經(jing)(jing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為常(chang)態。筆者認(ren)為，一(yi)(yi)(yi)旦不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)熟(shu)悉(xi)(xi)(xi)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)會(hui)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)比(bi)(bi)(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)（大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)、小(xiao)碎(sui)(sui)(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)比(bi)(bi)(bi)例(li)偏低(di)(di)(di)(di)、容重(zhong)(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)偏低(di)(di)(di)(di)、含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)偏大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)），二(er)(er)會(hui)對(dui)(dui)(dui)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)識、分(fen)(fen)析(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)夠深(shen)入(ru)，調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)沒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)針對(dui)(dui)(dui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。　　與(yu)(yu)此(ci)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)攪拌(ban)(ban)(ban)站往(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)在混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)時(shi)(shi)過(guo)(guo)渡依賴減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)家(jia)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)很多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)家(jia)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)普(pu)遍學(xue)歷較低(di)(di)(di)(di)，非本(ben)(ben)(ben)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)生(sheng)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)未(wei)經(jing)(jing)過(guo)(guo)正(zheng)現(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繼續教育和(he)(he)(he)(he)崗(gang)(gang)前(qian)(qian)培(pei)訓，跟著(zhu)師傅(fu)學(xue)了(le)幾天(tian)(tian)(tian)，就去現(xian)(xian)場(chang)做(zuo)試(shi)(shi)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)，殊(shu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)師傅(fu)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)更多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)經(jing)(jing)驗(yan)，并不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)精通(tong)(tong)(tong)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)理(li)(li)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)今(jin)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)波(bo)動(dong)很大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)越來(lai)(lai)越高(gao)，部分(fen)(fen)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)家(jia)和(he)(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)已不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)這(zhe)(zhe)種變(bian)(bian)化(hua)，他們(men)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)懂混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)各材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)核(he)(he)心(xin)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)、外(wai)(wai)(wai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)機(ji)理(li)(li)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)泌(mi)(mi)(mi)了(le)就采(cai)(cai)(cai)取錯誤措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)收漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)纖(xian)維(wei)素、保(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)增(zeng)稠、糊精，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)非常(chang)被(bei)動(dong)。殊(shu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)(qian)新(xin)(xin)(xin)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)易性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)時(shi)(shi)，減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)復(fu)(fu)(fu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)集大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，必(bi)須熟(shu)悉(xi)(xi)(xi)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，精通(tong)(tong)(tong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)比(bi)(bi)(bi)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，善(shan)于分(fen)(fen)析(xi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，了(le)解(jie)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)工(gong)藝，方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)做(zuo)好減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)復(fu)(fu)(fu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)。尤其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)在原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)較差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)礦(kuang)物(wu)組分(fen)(fen)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)變(bian)(bian)，調(diao)(diao)新(xin)(xin)(xin)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，更多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)C3A含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)，減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)復(fu)(fu)(fu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)應(ying)(ying)(ying)該加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)什么(me)呢？C3A含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)較高(gao)，減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)復(fu)(fu)(fu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)什么(me)呢？水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)，減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)復(fu)(fu)(fu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)什么(me)呢？水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)低(di)(di)(di)(di)堿(jian)或(huo)(huo)高(gao)堿(jian)，減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)復(fu)(fu)(fu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)什么(me)呢？混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)假(jia)(jia)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)，減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)復(fu)(fu)(fu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)什么(me)呢？這(zhe)(zhe)些都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)機(ji)理(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)程(cheng)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，須按(an)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)機(ji)理(li)(li)采(cai)(cai)(cai)取相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)對(dui)(dui)(dui)策，方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)。　　（6）資(zi)源緊(jin)張導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)急劇(ju)(ju)(ju)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)事故層(ceng)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)窮(qiong)。近(jin)(jin)年(nian)(nian)來(lai)(lai)，隨著(zhu)國(guo)家(jia)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)環保(bao)(bao)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)力(li)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)源日趨緊(jin)張，且(qie)(qie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)波(bo)動(dong)較大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，尤其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)中(zhong)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)材(cai)(cai)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品種及(ji)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)五(wu)花八門，各種原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)已經(jing)(jing)遠(yuan)(yuan)遠(yuan)(yuan)超出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)編規(gui)范的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、紙上(shang)談(tan)兵(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)家(jia)預期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，由(you)(you)此(ci)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)佳屢見(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)，質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)事故層(ceng)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)窮(qiong)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)泌(mi)(mi)(mi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、抓底、板(ban)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)、快(kuai)(kuai)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)、后(hou)滯(zhi)、包(bao)裹性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、流(liu)動(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、“泛(fan)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)”氣(qi)(qi)泡、油和(he)(he)(he)(he)碳(tan)(tan)顆粒析(xi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)，這(zhe)(zhe)些問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)，已經(jing)(jing)遠(yuan)(yuan)遠(yuan)(yuan)超出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)絕大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)數從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)范疇，僅(jin)僅(jin)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)簡單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)（加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)、調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)碎(sui)(sui)(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)級(ji)(ji)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)、調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)或(huo)(huo)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)）已經(jing)(jing)無法滿(man)足(zu)(zu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。　　（7）設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)理(li)(li)念和(he)(he)(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)各行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)參(can)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)齊。中(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)以(yi)(yi)耐久(jiu)(jiu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)指(zhi)標(biao)為主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)參(can)數，實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)踐證明(ming)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)耐久(jiu)(jiu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)100年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)遠(yuan)(yuan)超設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。房(fang)建商(shang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)以(yi)(yi)抗(kang)(kang)壓強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)參(can)數，耐久(jiu)(jiu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)次(ci)(ci)之(zhi)。　　另(ling)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)管(guan)(guan)哪個行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)比(bi)(bi)(bi)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)默(mo)認(ren)規(gui)則(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)。中(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)系(xi)統(tong)默(mo)認(ren)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)律一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)：7天(tian)(tian)(tian)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，28天(tian)(tian)(tian)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)試(shi)(shi)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，28天(tian)(tian)(tian)之(zhi)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)長作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為富余。中(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)系(xi)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)在遵循(xun)這(zhe)(zhe)個原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)(ze)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)如(ru)(ru)(ru)C30水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)(xia)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)試(shi)(shi)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)42.7MPa，中(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)各局基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)(ben)都(dou)(dou)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)(dao)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)上(shang)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)長，56天(tian)(tian)(tian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)達50MPa以(yi)(yi)上(shang)。但房(fang)建商(shang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)7天(tian)(tian)(tian)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)剛剛達到(dao)(dao)(dao)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，但28天(tian)(tian)(tian)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)則(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)倒(dao)縮，比(bi)(bi)(bi)7天(tian)(tian)(tian)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)還(huan)低(di)(di)(di)(di)。　　產生(sheng)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)倒(dao)縮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)　　①使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)帶R水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)，磨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)太細(xi)，后(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)增(zeng)長少；　　②水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)材(cai)(cai)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)又差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，且(qie)(qie)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，甚至(zhi)沒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，后(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)增(zeng)長少。　　③配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)比(bi)(bi)(bi)所用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)合(he)(he)(he)(he)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)較差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，假(jia)(jia)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)到(dao)(dao)(dao)處都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，甚至(zhi)把(ba)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為膠材(cai)(cai)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)到(dao)(dao)(dao)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)上(shang)中(zhong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)增(zeng)長，反(fan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)劇(ju)(ju)(ju)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)碳(tan)(tan)化(hua)。　　④大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)膠比(bi)(bi)(bi)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)碳(tan)(tan)化(hua)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)劇(ju)(ju)(ju)。　　⑤大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)骨(gu)架結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)破(po)壞。　　⑥大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)含(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)密(mi)(mi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)、房(fang)建商(shang)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)通(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)膠材(cai)(cai)，摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)入(ru)增(zeng)效劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)膠劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)比(bi)(bi)(bi)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)較少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話(hua)，總的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，前(qian)(qian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)拔(ba)苗助長，還(huan)會(hui)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)劇(ju)(ju)(ju)后(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)收縮。　　⑦混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)膠材(cai)(cai)少了(le)，摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)合(he)(he)(he)(he)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)較差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)起(qi)核(he)(he)心(xin)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)提(ti)(ti)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)包(bao)裹差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)、泌(mi)(mi)(mi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)，無法施(shi)(shi)工(gong)，只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)在減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)增(zeng)稠、保(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、纖(xian)維(wei)素、調(diao)(diao)節劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)(deng)(deng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)害東西(xi)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)包(bao)裹性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)同(tong)燒菜(cai)湯多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)勾芡一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)，假(jia)(jia)包(bao)裹，流(liu)動(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，無法施(shi)(shi)工(gong)又加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)體(ti)(ti)粘結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)力(li)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)(di)(di)、浮(fu)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)太厚破(po)壞混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)填充(chong)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)。　　03　　結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)束語(yu)　　針對(dui)(dui)(dui)目(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)(qian)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)現(xian)(xian)狀，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)劣化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，筆者認(ren)為應(ying)(ying)(ying)從(cong)(cong)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)幾個方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)生(sheng)產和(he)(he)(he)(he)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)檢(jian)測(ce)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)需加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。二(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)重(zhong)(zhong)點管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制核(he)(he)心(xin)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)、礦(kuang)渣(zha)、粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為膠凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核(he)(he)心(xin)組成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)相(xiang)關(guan)指(zhi)標(biao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)重(zhong)(zhong)點管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)預拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)場(chang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)檢(jian)測(ce)和(he)(he)(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。四是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)定(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)預拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)從(cong)(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)培(pei)訓。總之(zhi)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)于預拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)現(xian)(xian)狀及(ji)存(cun)在問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)，我(wo)們(men)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)盲(mang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)樂觀，但也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)足(zu)(zu)夠信(xin)心(xin)，相(xiang)信(xin)在原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)繼續教育方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)全面(mian)(mian)改(gai)善(shan)之(zhi)后(hou)，中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預拌(ban)(ban)(ban)混(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)在質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)會(hui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)較大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)升。

  2024-05-20 16:08:04查看(kan)詳情>>